# OS NGD Land Use

## What are the layers in OS NGD Land Use?

The OS NGD Land Use Theme contains features that represent the geographical areas that have been identified as having a specific purpose, for example hospitals, universities, industrial parks, railway stations. It is a marked step change from OS MasterMap Sites Layer in the data that it contains. There are three feature types:

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Site" %}

<figure><img src="/files/Qp1mil7JR4QWy8bN2yUM" alt="Image of OS NGD Land Use site polygons"><figcaption><p>Site</p></figcaption></figure>

This is a polygon feature that represents a recognisable extent of a particular function or activity, a few of them are mentioned above.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Site Access Location" %}

<figure><img src="/files/G7iL29oROBuCvTVWJ507" alt="Image of OS NGD Land Use Site Access Points"><figcaption><p>Site Access Location</p></figcaption></figure>

This is a point feature that represents the geographical locations where pedestrians or vehicles can enter or leave a site.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Site Routing Point" %}

<figure><img src="/files/0hjveNvVKyJQ395bSpcC" alt="Image of OS NGD Land Use Site Routing Points"><figcaption><p>Site Routing Point</p></figcaption></figure>

This is another point feature that represents a location on the road network which provides entry or exit into a site for vehicles and/or pedestrians.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## What formats does the OS NGD Land Use data come in?

The OS NGD Land Use data comes in two formats, CSV and GeoPackage (GPKG)

* The GeoPackage format comes ready to load into the GIS package of the users choice with different gpkg files for each layer.
* The CSV format is more suited for loading into a database. All of the same feature types are accessible in csv format and all the same attribution as the Geopackage, however instead of storing the geometry in a GIS ready format, ‘Site’ for example is stored as a MULTIPOLYGON attribute all of the vertices stored as co-ordinate pairs in the text file. ‘Site Access’ and ‘Site Routing’ are stored as a POINT attribute with a co-ordinate pair for each point.

## What is the new attribution?

The attribution has changed from the OS MasterMap Sites Layer product:

* OS Land Use data has the OSID, TOID and Matched UPRN associated with the polygon to allow it to be linked easily with other OS datasets.
* Matched UPRN replaces the Primary UPRN and is taken from the address record most likely to represent the site.
* OS Land Use Tier A gives a high-level description of the main activity the site is used for.
* OS Land Use Tier B gives a more detailed description of the main activity.
* The Description gives a much more granular descriptive value intended for quick understanding.
* Address classification codes and address primary and secondary descriptions bring additional detailed information in from our addressing data.
* NLUD codes and descriptions link the OS Land Use data to industry standard categorisations

<figure><img src="/files/qGguIk6F00D6QKuzO7j0" alt="Image showing Land Use attribution for a selected feature" width="563"><figcaption><p>Land Use attribution for a feature</p></figcaption></figure>

## National Land Use Database (NLUD) attribution

In addition to the inclusion of information from OS MasterMap Topography Layer, OS MasterMap Greenspace and OS MasterMap Sites in OS NGD Land Use the new data enhancement has used categorisation from NLUD.

NLUD is designed to provide a standardised set of geo-referenced information to support sustainable development of urban and rural areas. It is used by commercial organisations and local planning authorities to create land use datasets that can influence the development and maintenance of land through town and city planning.

NLUD is a two-tier hierarchical structure with 13 order names and 41 group names with additional categories being added to the “group” names when required. It is coded using a 4-character alphanumeric designation e.g. ‘Mixed Woodland’ is coded C032. Currently NLUD is in version 4.4

## Address attribution

As of September 2024 address information has been added to the site polygons drawn from our detailed addressing data. These include:​

* ​Matched UPRN: Address Classification has been taken from the OS NGD Address feature that has been matched to the Site.​
* ​Address Classification Code: Alternative land use classification that uses a code defined in the Address/BS7666 schema.​
* ​Address Primary Description: Description of the highest level of an alternative land use classification as defined in the Address/BS7666 schema.​
* ​Address Secondary Description: Description of the second level of an alternative land use classification as defined in the Address/BS7666 schema. ​
* ​Address Classification Correlation: A description of how consistent the Address Classification recorded as addressLandUse\_classificationCode, addressLandUse\_primaryDescription and addressLandUse\_secondaryDescription is when compared to the OS land use attribution of the Site.​
* ​Address Classification Source: Description of the derivation of the Address Classification recorded as addressLandUse\_classificationCode, addressLandUse\_primaryDescription and addressLandUse\_secondaryDescription.​
* ​Address Count: The total number of OS NGD addresses that have a primary classification of ‘Residential’ , ‘Commercial’ and ‘Other’.​

## March 2025 Land Use Site Descriptions

As of March 2025, three new site descriptions have been added to OS NGD Land Use – Site. These new descriptions are: Beach, Military Training Area and Wind Farm. Their definitions are available within the [OS NGD Documentation](https://docs.os.uk/osngd/code-lists/code-lists-overview/sitedescriptionvalue) platform.

Beach: This data was manually digitised referring to a combination of OS names, government open data and OS historic mapping. Where identified, access locations are available for these sites.

Military Training Area: The geometry and name for these sites is sourced directly from Defence Infrastructure Organisation. No access locations are available for these sites.

Wind Farm: This data was created by cross-referencing Wind Turbine data in OS NGD Structures (both Structure and Structure Point Feature Types) with named wind farm schemes in the Renewable Energy Planning Database (REPD) published by DESNZ. The geometry for these sites was generated by applying a 300m buffer to wind turbines identified as part of the same scheme. No access locations are available for these sites.

<figure><img src="/files/wwe4r2QTueIFjzEFJpde" alt="An image showing three maps, one for each of the Beach, Military Training Area and Wind Farm Sites"><figcaption><p>Examples of Beach, Military Training Area and Wind Farm Sites</p></figcaption></figure>

## What is the key attribution for Site Access Location?

* OS Land Use data has the OSID and TOID associated with the point to allow it to be linked easily with other OS datasets.
* Access Mode: the mode of transport that can use the access location.
* Access Purpose: defines the main function of the access location in normal circumstances
* Accessed Site ID: the OSID of the Site to which the Access Location relates.
* Accessed Network Node ID: the OSID of the network node that provides access to the Site Access Location. This node will be from the nearest road as access from paths is not currently captured.
* Distance to Network Node: a straight-line measure between the Site Access Location and the nearest node on a network roadlink.

<figure><img src="/files/jEWgxyihBKaryzHRncVA" alt="Image of a map and table showing attribution of the Site Access Location" width="563"><figcaption><p>Example of attribution of the Site Access Location</p></figcaption></figure>

## Access Purpose attribution

As of March 2025, the access\_purpose attribute has been added to OS NGD Land Use – Site Access Location (data schema version 2.0). This attribute defines the main function of the access location in normal circumstances.

The values are Emergency, Primary Public, Private and Public and their definitions are available [here](https://docs.os.uk/osngd/code-lists/code-lists-overview/accesspurposevalue).

This attribute is only populated on a subset of key public sites. The sites within scope are:

* Hospitals
* Railway Stations
* Stadiums and Sports Arenas\*
* Shopping Centres\*
* Major Transport Interchanges\* (airports, ferry terminals etc.)
* Conference Centres\*
* Concert Venues

*\*only sites that are above a certain size criteria are included*

Sites that are out of scope will have a ‘NULL’ value populated for access\_purpose.

<figure><img src="/files/8Z3neJsKyYdHHg03blJ2" alt="Site Locations themed by Access Purpose" width="563"><figcaption><p>Site Locations themed by Access Purpose</p></figcaption></figure>

## Distance from Access Location to Road Network

The distancetonetworknode\_m attribute was also released in March 2025. This is a straight-line measure between the Site Access Location and the nearest node on a network roadlink.

For sites with description = ‘Beach’, this attribute will represent the distance from the Access Locations to the nearest sealed public road due to uncertain accessibility on restricted access roads.

A high distancetonetworknode\_m value (e.g. 100s of meters) should be used as a flag to incorporate other data such as a detailed basemap or aerial imagery, to provide context to aid navigation between the road and access point.

<figure><img src="/files/pj4sRsQYbiSgnnU2N5I2" alt="Image showing the straight line distance to road network"><figcaption><p>Example of distance to road network</p></figcaption></figure>

## Source of the new attribution

Ordnance Survey surveyors and remote sensing teams have been capturing and maintaining information on land cover, land use and a more detailed level of description for over 10 years.

In the case of Land Use several classifications of Land Use have been captured but had not made it into the existing products.

This data has then been transformed and filtered to match attribution and content for existing products, such as OS MasterMap Sites Layer, however in the OS NGD data it is being published at the original, more granular level.

Currently anything in product from OS MasterMap Greenspace and OS MasterMap Sites is included in OS NGD Land Use. The TOID is present where there is definite match with OS MasterMap Sites, if no match is found then the TOID will not be present.

In addition to these, Residential polygons have now been included which have been generated from an algorithm rather than from surveyor or remote sensing capture.

Address classifications and descriptions have been derived from an analysis of the attribution of NGD Address information that falls within the extent of the Site.

## Coverage comparison

The OS NGD Land Use data has all the polygons that were previously in OS MasterMap Sites Layer and OS Open Greenspace – but has significantly more new polygons that have been added in.

At the time of launch of the OS NGD there are:

* 46,124 polygons in OS MasterMap Sites Layer
* 149,588 polygons in OS Open Greenspace
* 24,352,168 polygons in OS NGD Land Use

It is worth noting, as with OS MasterMap Sites Layer, these polygons do not represent a legal extent, more the extent of how the land is used. This is particularly relevant to the new Residential polygons.

<figure><img src="/files/Sq2vNTd1Vs6Ysz5s5m2g" alt="Split image showing a comparison of OS MasterMap Sites and OS NGD Land Use" width="563"><figcaption><p>Comparison of OS MasterMap Sites and OS NGD Land Use</p></figcaption></figure>

## Classification comparison

Alongside the increase in number of polygons is the increase in the classifications in the data.

* OS MasterMap Sites Layer has 7 groups broken into 40 functions
* OS Open Greenspace has 10 functions
* OS NGD Land Use has 360 descriptions

For example:

* OS Open Greenspace has **Golf Course**
* OS NGD Land Use has: **Golf Centre**, **Golf Clubhouse**, **Golf Course** and **Golf Driving Range**

<figure><img src="/files/9NxcQeQxJGYZgl1SFStS" alt="Image of 2 tables comparing the classes from OSMM Sites and OS NGD Land Use" width="563"><figcaption><p>Comparison of classes from OSMM Sites and OS NGD Land Use (click on the image to enlarge it)</p></figcaption></figure>

## Why do sites appear ‘stacked’ in OS NGD Land Use?

It is possible to have multiple entries for a site for OS Land User Tier B.

An Education site in OS Land Use Tier A may have multiple Tier B land uses, for example Secondary Education and Further Education.

However, it is not possible to have stacked entries for OS Land Use Tier A for a site. So, if an Education site also contains a sports facility two polygons will exist for the same site; one for the Education site and another for Sport Attraction Or Facility.

<figure><img src="/files/IJ9Kik8SeK1FSoeq9V7c" alt="2 images showing a single Land Use and multiple Land Uses"><figcaption><p>On the left, an OS Land Use Tier A with multiple Tier B land uses, on the right a site with multiple OS Land Use Tier A land uses</p></figcaption></figure>

## Complete Land Use coverage

The Land Use theme does not give a complete coverage of Land Use. It has a coverage of sites by their function (health, education, residential and so on), but does not currently cover things like roads, rail and fields..

To achieve a complete coverage of features with Land Use attribution requires combining elements from: Land Use, Buildings, Land, Structures, Transport Features and Water Features

It is also of note that some of the newly added sites (such as residential) are not fully complete at launch and that work is continuing on them.

<figure><img src="/files/GJozo9ndZicaOB8ntNmW" alt="Image showing the coverage of Land Use sites in OS NGD"><figcaption><p>Coverage of Land Use sites in OS NGD</p></figcaption></figure>

***

Links that may be useful:

{% embed url="<https://osngd.gitbook.io/osngd/>" %}

{% embed url="<https://osdatahub.os.uk/>" %}

{% embed url="<https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/business-government/products/os-select-build>" %}

This content has been developed from what was originally a Lightning Talk PowerPoint slide set. These slides are available to PSGA members to view and download from the [PSGA members area of the OS website](https://auth.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/my.policy)


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